Ideas How Conflict Can Be Resolved - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1859 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Conflict Resolution Essay Did you like this example? Conflict Resolution The conflicts that arise within our lives must be dealt with unless we want to see havoc caused in our workplaces and in our lives in general. This paper will describe situations and strategies in which conflict can be resolved. Hopefully, through this we can see proper resolution and problem solving take a sharp upturn and conflicts will be solved more effectively. The Conflict   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The most recent conflict, we have experienced in my department is our Emergency Department new policy with reporting off to the floor. Precisely as a nurse on the floor when I have new admission the ER nurse will call the floor asking for the receiving nurse and give her a report after the transporter will bring the patient into the room. Then they change it to where a phone report only you receive an SBAR with the patient for the nurse and give a telephone report. As of March 2018, another new process has begun. The ER nurse will not call report or send an SBAR as a receiving nurse you will do your own research on the computer about the patient. The ED will send the patient when they see in the system the room is ready. The main idea behind this is that the ER nurse is busy to call report or print an SBAR since we have the same system we can print the SBAR when the patient gets upstairs on the floor. All of us knew that the key to providing patient c entered care and safety stay for the patient is communication and collaboration between team members According to Finkelman (2016). To collaborate effectively, each individual need to recognize the perspective of others who are envious. The issue with our ERs latest policy is the receiving nurse is all the time busy with her seven patients to do any research or look upon the about the patient before he gets on the floor. It is really embarrassing when you ask the patient about his medical problem and history and he answers Did the other nurse did not tell you? I already told her everything, do I need to repeat myself? This shows to the patient that the nurses did not have communication with each other, which isnt comforting.   Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ideas How Conflict Can Be Resolved" essay for you Create order The Issues   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The issue at hand is currently detrimental to all parties involved. This is because there is a direct tie between the fact that patients often have to repeat themselves when asking questions and their general sense of lack of safety. This stems from the fact that oftentimes nurses are very busy and are switching between floors without giving a report from ER. This leads to patients having to repeat themselves to the new nurses that they are handed off to on the new floor and since there is a lack of communication that means that these patients have a feeling that they are not being heard as they just told another nurse what was wrong and then have to re-describe it because the new nurse has no information about the patient from the old nurse. This also stems into what exists that is wrong with the patient. Because there are no reports coming from some ER nurses, the new nurse has to completely reassess this patient and has to talk to them about treatment methods all over again. The presence of a report would lead to this not being a problem as the diagnoses would already be there and then there wouldnt be a problem with it but since there is no report this problem persists. Finally, without the report the treatment method is disputed or changed which also leads to a sense of discomfort in the patient and chaos that does not need to happen. The Type of Conflict   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The type of conflict that my Unit is currently experiencing is an intergroup/organizational conflict. According to Finkelman (2012), an intergroup or organizational conflict is one that occurs between groups such as units, departments, agencies, organizations. ER send in the patient without a report falls into this category. The Conflict Stages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are four main stages of conflict resolution: latent, perceived, felt, and manifest stages (Finkelman, 2016). The stages of conflict resolution start with the latent stage which begins with a lack of communication. This is described as the time in which there is a rising tension within the area and causes stressed out workers and increases the danger of a workplace for the patient. This is also first shown in the bedside report when we entered with a sense of foreboding, the tension of the situation was very heavily felt by all of us there. This lack of communication stems from all sectors and working facets of the workplace and this tension can lead to more miscommunication and therefore lead to dangerous situations caused by the staff at the expense of the patients. The second stage, perceived, is based on the idea that a conflict has been recognized and therefore can now be addressed. This is true in many forms within the workplace. The perception of the conflict extends past the idea of the conflict first appearing as it causes enough to notice for people to recognize the problem. In the bedside report, the fact that it no report giving and no communication between team member lead to the recognition that this conflict truly does exist and therefore must be addressed for the sake of patient service. These problems can be solved if the ER use the same computer charting systems as the other floors which can eliminate the lack of communication.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The third stage that can be analyzed as the felt stage. This is the stage in which there is a problem that is obviously present and is currently causing anxiety and stress amongst the works and often puts others against each other as the conflict rises within the workplace. This stems from the consistent act of something happening, such as the bedside report problem not happening once or twice but dozens of times and on a consistent basis. The problem with this stage is that often times conflicts may have more than one cause (Finkelman, 2012, p.361). Electronic devices being used can also help in these situations because they can help establish the source of the problem and unify the staff against a single issue. Finally, the manifestation stage of conflict ends the stages of the conflict. Whether or not it is helpful or not is based on what the staff gets from the resolution of the conflict. Whether or not a solution is found, or the problem expands is up to the people who are resolving the conflict. This is important for the welfare of the patient and perhaps the most important overall point as it not only means the health of the patients that are in the hospital right now but also the health of future patients and the overall structure of the staff and what it means for the overall way in which the hospital works and its effectiveness. Conflict Resolution Strategies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the most popular and easiest ways in which to solve problems within the workplace is through teamwork and conflict resolution through that means. This is one of the ways in which there can be a conflict that has a resolution that does not lead to division in the workplace as it leads to group problem solving and allows for compromise. This is predicated on the idea of team leaders taking initiative. There must be protocols and other forms of conflict control in place in order to make sure that there is the fair and equitable use of ideas and problem solving within the workplace and in the environment that we create. To be open to change a certain space, the team leaders must be willing to have open and direct communication with their team (Brown, Lewis, Ellis, Stewart, Freeman, Kaspersky, 2010). These can all be used in conjunction with team building to lower the chances of conflict arising in the first place. Delegation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The delegation is not the issue involved with the report. There are areas within the reports in which nurses could be clearer in delegation and how that affects the people on his or her floor as well as the structure of the reports, however, there does not seem to be a problem in the actual delegation and those that do exists are minimal at best. There are often times in which nurses properly delegate the tasks that are important and need to be done on time to their techs and other nurses. However, despite this, there are still a few instances in which the nurse could have been clearer however this does not seem to be the main issue that is present, and it is often not a consistent issue and the source of the conflict within the workplace. Collaboration   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The importance of team collaboration can be seen in the fact that it is proven to be the best way at conflict resolution as well as conflict prevention. This starts with collaborating with those who are above you and making sure that there is a structure in which there is a possibility for healthy collaboration which leads to a productive workplace and a healthy place for the patients. Next, we need to address our peers in order to make sure there is a workplace in which collaboration is possible and serves the patients best. Finally, we must look at ourselves in order to make sure we are looking for collaboration whenever the conflict starts and stop the conflict and resolve it in a way that makes sure that there is a positive system within our environment in the workplace for ourselves our peer and our patients. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In conclusion, while there are problems with all systems and sometimes people need to work with themselves and work with the people around them, there is an overall acceptance of the idea that for things to be resolved people need to work together. Not only Is it seen in the bedside report but also in other reports that we see all over. It is important for compromise to exist in the workplace and for there to be systems in place in order for there to not only be conflict resolution but also conflict prevention in the future. This has taught me the ways in which we can seek a resolution to a conflict in a safe and productive way for everyone, especially for the patients, but also ways to prevent problems like these from arising and if they do arise to make productive solutions to them and find solutions that can be applied in the future. References Brown, J., Lewis, L., Ellis, K., Stewart, M., Freeman, T.R., Kaspersky, M.J. (2010). Conflict on interprofessional primary health care teams can it be resolved? Journal of Interprofessional Care, 25(1), 4-10. Finkelman, A. (2012). Leadership and management for nurses: Core competencies for quality care. (2nd ed.) Boston, MA: Pearson. Moore, J.M., Everly, M., Bauer, R. (2016). Multigenerational challenges: Team-building for positive clinical workforce outcomes. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 21(2), 1. Retrieved from https://web.a.ebscohost.com/

Jay Gatsby´s Outlook on Life in F. Scott Fitzgerald´s The...

With regards to human nature during the Jazz Age during which he wrote, F. Scott Fitzgerald, author of The Great Gatsby, would most likely agree with the general philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau on human psychology. In a nutshell, the view of Rousseau was simply that man is naturally pure and free, only to be corrupted by society and the outside world. In connecting Fitzgerald’s use of appropriate color symbolism to the two parts of Rousseau’s view, we can see how he (Fitzgerald) is describing the nature of man in general terms through the story of Jay Gatsby. The colors mainly associated with Jay Gatsby throughout the course of the book are white, yellow, and blue, which, in order, represent the progression of his mental state and his†¦show more content†¦A second focal point in the book is the importance of the color yellow. The effects of yellow or golden colored objects in the book highlight the second portion of Rousseau’s ideology, that the natu ral purity is only ruined by the outside world. Examining Gatsby’s character more closely, we can see that he is surrounded by gold references just as Daisy is surrounded by references to white. At the beginning of the book, when Nick is narrating his description of the party, there are two key references to illicit money: the more direct one being â€Å"dark gold† and the more subtle being an implication of this from the order in which the orchestral instruments are named. A black instrument such as an oboe is followed by a golden colored instrument like a saxophone and so on, leading the reader to think that the gold is dark, or as we find later, illicit in nature. This idea of dark gold has a direct correlation to the idea of societal practices tarnishing one’s inner purity. Gatsby, with his pure intentions, moved to the house just across the bay from Daisy, but took up bootlegging to make so much money so he could ostentatiously and deliberately exhibit it t o everyone, with the hopes of catching Daisy’s eye. Eventually however, it was not the money that reunited Gatsby and Daisy, and out of this GatsbyShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1684 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween the central characters of The Great Gatsby, a timeless classic written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, set in a hedonistic summer of 1922 America, and Death of a Salesman, written by American playwright Arthur Miller set in 1949 America. The characterisation of both Willy and Gatsby illustrate that they have similarities, in a way that are considered destitute, with imperfect ethical conduct. 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Daisy’s husband, Tom, is rich andRead More Distortion of the American Dream in The Great Gatsby Essay2548 Words   |  11 Pagesminds of many Americans. In The Great Gatsby, the American Dream was presented as a corrupted version of what used to be a pure and honest ideal way to live. The idea that the American Dream was about the wealth and the possessions one had been ingrained, somehow, into the minds of Americans during the 1920’s. As a result of the distortion of the American Dream, the characters of F. Scott Fitzgeralds novel, The Great Gatsby along with many others, lived life fully believing in the AmericanRead MorePursuing Relationships in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald741 Words   |  3 PagesWhen pursuing relationships in The Great Gatsby, we are introduced to the characters with a sort of step-by-step process. Unfortunately, as our knowledge about the characters expands, our feelings of enchantment soon transform to that of disenchantment. 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Gothic horror novel Essay Example For Students

Gothic horror novel Essay Frankenstein is a gothic horror novel written by Mary Shelley. The novel is about death, love, ambition and prejudice. When Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein in the 19th century she was only 18 years old. The novel came to be written because of a challenge set by Marys liturgy friends, Lord Byron and Percy Shelley. The challenge was to write the most frightening ghost story of all time. Mary Shelley revealed later on that the novel had come from a dream she had. Mary Shelleys life influenced her novel greatly. For example, her mother died shortly after giving birth to Mary and as we can see she incorporates this idea into this novel. Furthermore this novel incorporates the theory of Luigi Galvani who believed that he had discovered electricity in human limbs.  This novel is about a doctor by the name of Victor Frankenstein who is obsessed at the possibility of creating an artificial life. The monster created from discarded human limbs is later rejected for its ugliness and inhumanity. The creature, unwanted, untutored in normal human behaviour and finally driven away by rejection to a murderous revenge on Frankenstein and his family. With this happening to the monster throughout the novel, Mary Shelley created the affect on us the reader of sympathy and concern towards the monster. By examining this novel, I will try to uncover how Mary Shelley makes us, the reader, sympathise with the monster. Firstly I will look at the relationship between the monster and Victor and how that makes us sympathetic towards the creature. When Victor comes across the monster for the first time he describes the monster with the words its unearthly ugliness rendered it almost too horrible for human eyes, this instantly shows the reader that there is a lack of sympathy towards the monster. Whats more the use of unearthly is stating that the monster is unnatural, absurd and meaningless. Mary Shelley carefully chose words with evil connotations to emphasise Victors hatred, such as Victors name calling of the monster, devil, daemon and vile insect all emphasise Victors hatred towards the creature. If Mary Shelley portrayed Victor in a different light and for him to act frightened, anxious and nervous when talking to the monster then that would probably make us take pity on Victor because he is afraid of his creation. However because Mary Shelley portrays Victors reaction to the monster to be completely the opposite of being scared, the reader feels they have to sympathise with the monster as it is Victor who is acting like the monster. In one example of analysis, Mary Shelley uses the metaphor of Adam and Eve to develop our sympathy with the monster. She has the monster say to Victor, on the sea of ice, Remember I am thy creature; I ought to be thy Adam, but I am rather the fallen angel, whom thou drivest from joy for no misdeed. Here the monster is stating that Victor needs to take responsibility for what he has created. Victor is supposed to be playing God, however God stood by his creations whereas Victor has just abandoned his. The monster wants to shame Victor into taking responsibility for the lives that were lost. Hence, Shelley is stating that the monster has been abandoned by Victor which increases our sympathy towards the monster. Mary Shelley creates a contrast between Victor and the monster whilst they speak for the first time. These two reactions are completely the opposite. Whilst Victor has feelings of bitter anguish, and he somewhat loathes the monster as he describes the monster with words such as wretched devil, daemon. Here Mary Shelley chose words with evil connotations to emphasise Victors detestation of the monster. This increases our sympathy towards the monster as the name calling from Victor is proving that his emotions appear more like the monsters. .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .postImageUrl , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:hover , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:visited , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:active { border:0!important; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:active , .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589 .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0cc926d9e15843bd2f409370d491f589:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dickens presents the characters of Gradgrind EssayWhereas the monsters reaction towards Victor is completely different as the monster is calm and collective and he expected the reaction he got off Victor as his first words to Victor were I expected this reaction. This shows that the monster is intellectual as he was aware of the reaction he received from Victor. In addition to that whilst the monster is talking to Victor on the sea of ice the monster appears to be reflective and sad from the time when he says You purpose to kill me up until Do your duty towards me these words that Mary Shelley wrote increases our sympathy towards the monster because these words spoken by t he monster verify the fact that it is Victor who is acting as the monster. Mary Shelley includes the theme of nature/nurture into her novel to increase our sympathy with the monster because by nature he is naturally a sensitive, composed creature underneath his deceptive manner. Although he strives to portray himself as a well-mannered being, the evil side in him seeks to overcome this.  However as the monster hasnt been nurtured by Victor he doesnt realise the extent of his behaviour. If Victor stood by his creation and taught him right from wrong then he would know good from evil. On the other hand because Victor neglected him hes resentful of Victor and seeks to gain revenge which eventually leads to the murder of one of Victors family. Mary Shelleys intention with the affect of nature/nurture is that nature is instinctive and needs to be nurtured to bring out the better alternatives.  I feel as if I have learnt a lot from the novel Frankenstein because I think that people shouldnt act in the way in which Victor did because everybody should be treated the same no matter what they look like. Also if people get treated badly like in the way in which the monster did we dont actually realise how it will affect them.  Mary Shelley intended to make Victor look like the real monster and Shelley achieves this by making Victors emotions get the better of him. In addition to that Shelley also intended us, the reader to sympathise with the monster; she achieves this by portraying Victor as the monster and makes him treat the monster inadequately.

Communication with Aphasic Clients-Free-Samples for Students

Question: How to communicate with Aphasic clients". Answer: Aphasia is a language disorder, which happens in case of damage in a specific region of the brain. A brain has two halves; damage on the left side of the brain results in language problems. It is often caused because of stokes. However, the other possible causes include brain tumor, head trauma, neurodegenerative diseases and infections. Aphasia may lead to several different problems ranging from trouble while talking, writing, reading or understanding spoken language (Goodglass, 2013). This paper will elaborate on the expected barriers to communicate with the Aphasic clients and the way to effectively communicate with them. Expected communication barriers- The symptoms of Aphasia may vary according to the location of brain damage (de Aguiar, Paolazzi Miceli, 2015). With the same, the signs or symptoms may or may not be there in an individual suffering from this disorder and may differ in the severity as well as level of the inference to communication. Some people have problem in writing or saying words correctly. This type of Aphasia is termed as expressive aphasia. In this case, people have the ability to understand what are being said them. If they do not understand the words in written way, then they are known to be suffering from receptive aphasia. Expressive aphasia is both fluent and non-fluent in nature, which means; in this case a person has trouble in speaking, finding out the right words, saying more than one word at a time. While in fluent aphasia, people are able to put many words together but the thing they say does not make any sense. Often they are not aware of the same as well. Strategies to improve communication with people suffering from Aphasia Communicating with people suffering with Aphasia might not be a simple task. They become frustrated when they realize that the others are not able to understand them or when they cannot understand others. It also makes them feel defeated and disappointed when they cannot find the right words (Carlsson, Hartelius Saldert, 2014). Language and speech therapists could work with the people who are suffering from this disorder and for their families to enhance their ability to communicate. However, before starting with anything, one must make it clear in his mind that there is difference between not knowing the answer and not being able to answer. Speaking inability is never a reflection of intellect. There are several ways to improve the daily communication with people suffering from Aphasia. Some of them are mentioned below: Keeping the noise and distractions down by turning off the TV and radio Moving to a less noisy or quieter room Talking with them in adult language. Never pretend that they are understood, if they are not. Never make them feel as if they are kids or children Do not shout at them when they cannot understand your language Always try to make an eye contact while talking to them While asking them questions, try to ask them Yes-No questions, so that they can answer easily Visual signal are also helpful if you can give them While giving them instructions, break those instructions into small and easy steps. In case if they tend to become frustrated, try to change the activity Encourage them to use other ways for communicating such as drawings, hand gestures and pointing. Providing a book of words and pictures regarding common people or topics to them as well as their family members would make the communication a lot easier. Always try to keep them involved in continuous conversation and ensure that they understand your sayings, but try not to force them too hard to make them understand, as this may result in frustration. Avoid correcting them if they remember something mistakenly. Always try to take them out for a walk or something, as they will then fell more confident about themselves. People suffering from Aphasia often think that they are different from the others and are less inferior to them. Taking them out will help them to practice understanding and communicating in a real-life situation (Saldert, Backman Hartelius, 2013). Be an alert, patient and attentive listener. Focus on what he or she is saying, instead of in what they are not saying. Online resources available for helping with communication barriers related to Aphasia Firstly, social media sites are perfect platform for people with Aphasia, as here they can post their massage in numerous ways. It is a indeed a great forum for them to build a relationship with other people. Whether they want to communicate instantly or if they decide to first craft their message properly, social media is providing them with ample of time to do so, allowing them for this to take place naturally. SCATM (Supported Conversation for Adults With Aphasia), is a method of communication, which uses a set of techniques or procedures in order to encourage conversation while communicating with people suffering from Aphasia, through body language and gestures, spoken and written keywords, detailed pictographs and hand drawings (Blom Johansson et al., 2013). It is designed particularly to help them to express their feelings and opinions in a much better way, which will further make them feel heard and valued and will encourage them to communicate more and more. By using this method, their partners (family members, friends, doctors and nurses) can help in breaking down the communication barriers and can further help the people suffering from aphasia to re-join their lifes conversations. BCA (Better Conversations with Aphasia) is an intervention that is available online. It is an e-learning resource that is freely available to improve the access to conversation therapy for the people suffering from aphasia and their families and friends; for the language and speech therapists (SLTs) and for the medics and healthcare workers who have to deal with them (Best et al., 2016). Though this resource the speech and the language therapists will have an access to the whole therapy program along with interactive learning materials and will get advice and instructions from the experienced clinicians. They can also learn how to conduct a conversation therapy with such clients. Furthermore, the people suffering from this disorder and their families will get help in finding out what this therapy is all about, and the perception of other people regarding conversation therapy. They will be then able to reflect them whether it is right or not. Lastly, the medics and the healthcare work ers shall be benefitted from it as it will help them learn how this disorder affects the everyday conversation of the clients. American Speech Language Hearing Association is another resource available for the same. It offers the people a wide range of information starting from language, hearing and speech disabilities in both adults and children. It will full pack with numerous educational information regarding the disorder of aphasia and its recovery process. With the same, the National Aphasia Association is also one of these online available resources that promote care, recovery and welfare of the people suffering from Aphasia via public education and support of research. It further offers printed materials, newsletters and information hotline. Some of the other resources include National Alliance of Family Caregivers, Aphasia Hope Foundation, National Institute of Neurological Disorder Stroke- Aphasia and National Aphasia Communication Tips. All these resources are available online for the access and they all provides required help, guidance, information and communication tips for improving communicati on with people with Aphasia. Hence, it can be concluded from the above discussion that effective communication is needed in order to deal with people having Aphasia. Only a communication that does not make them feel inferior to others can result in positive outcome for such people affected by this disease. References: Best, W., Maxim, J., Heilemann, C., Beckley, F., Johnson, F., Edwards, S. I., ... Beeke, S. (2016). Conversation therapy with people with aphasia and conversation partners using video feedback: A group and case series investigation of changes in interaction.Frontiers in human neuroscience,10, 562. Blom Johansson, M., Carlsson, M., stberg, P., Sonnander, K. (2013). A multiple-case study of a family-oriented intervention practice in the early rehabilitation phase of persons with aphasia.Aphasiology,27(2), 201-226. Carlsson, E., Hartelius, L., Saldert, C. (2014). Communicative strategies used by spouses of individuals with communication disorders related to stroke?induced aphasia and Parkinson's disease.International journal of language communication disorders,49(6), 722-735. de Aguiar, V., Paolazzi, C. L., Miceli, G. (2015). tDCS in post-stroke aphasia: the role of stimulation parameters, behavioral treatment and patient characteristics.Cortex,63, 296-316. Goodglass, H. (2013). Diagnosis of conduction aphasia. InConduction aphasia(pp. 49-60). Psychology Press. Saldert, C., Backman, E., Hartelius, L. (2013). Conversation partner training with spouses of persons with aphasia: A pilot study using a protocol to trace relevant characteristics.Aphasiology,27(3), 271-292.

10 Functions of the Comma

10 Functions of the Comma 10 Functions of the Comma 10 Functions of the Comma By Mark Nichol A comma is a versatile punctuation mark, serving ten basic functions. Here’s an enumeration, with examples. 1. Separate the elements in a series: â€Å"Groucho, Harpo, and Chico developed the philosophy called Marxism.† Many periodicals and websites, and most colloquially written books, omit the serial, or final, comma, but it is all but mandatory in formal writing and is recommended in all usage. As language maven Bryan Garner observes, â€Å"Omitting the serial comma may cause ambiguities, whereas including it never will.† 2. Separate coordinated independent clauses: â€Å"I like the Marx Brothers, but she thinks they’re too silly.† (An independent clause is one that can stand on its own as a sentence but is linked with another by a conjunction and/or a punctuation mark.) Exceptions include sentences with closely linked clauses (â€Å"Go to the window and see who’s there†) and those with a compound predicate (â€Å"The Marx Brothers are known for their puns and their sight gags†). 3. Separate an introductory word (â€Å"Naturally, I agree with you†), phrase (â€Å"Last summer, I went on a long vacation†), or subordinate clause (â€Å"If you’re too busy now, wait until later†) from the remainder of the sentence. 4. Separate an optional parenthetical element from the remainder of the sentence. â€Å"We have, in a manner of speaking, won despite our loss.† (The phrase â€Å"in a manner of speaking† could also be set off by em dashes or parentheses, depending on whether the writer wishes to emphasize the interruption of the statement â€Å"We have won despite our loss† or wants to diminish it as an aside.) 5. Separate coordinate adjectives from each other: â€Å"I could really use a tall, cool drink right now.† (Do not separate noncoordinate adjectives with a comma; this post explains the difference between these two types of adjectives.) 6. Separate an attribution from a direct quotation: â€Å"She said, ‘Neither choice is very appealing’†; â€Å"‘That’s not my problem,’ he replied.† (A colon may be precede a formal pronouncement or an attribution that forms a complete thought, as in, â€Å"He had this to say: ‘Her point is irrelevant.† Omit punctuation when the attribution is implied, as in â€Å"Your response ‘Her point is irrelevant’ is evasive.†) 7. Separate a participial phrase or one lacking a verb from the remainder of the sentence: â€Å"Having said that, I still have my doubts†; â€Å"The deed done, we retreated to our hideout.† 8. Separate a salutation from a letter (â€Å"Dear friends,†) or a complimentary close from a signature in a letter (â€Å"Sincerely,†). A colon should be used in place of a comma in a formal salutation. 9. Separate elements when setting off a term for a larger geopolitical entity from that for a smaller one located within it (â€Å"Santa Barbara, California, is located on the coast†) and for elements of street addresses (â€Å"1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, DC†) (and dates (â€Å"January 1, 2013†). 10. Separate groups of three digits in numbers: (Let me tell you how to make your first 100,000,000 dollars.† (Because large numbers are difficult to scan, it’s usually better to use one of the following forms: â€Å"100 million dollars,† â€Å"one hundred million dollars.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Using "a" and "an" Before WordsOne Fell SwoopPhrasal Verbs and Phrasal Nouns

buy custom Knowledge, Education, and Scholarship on and through the Web essay

buy custom Knowledge, Education, and Scholarship on and through the Web essay Abstract Good communication is vital for the facilitation of effective learning. The embracing of the web in the learning has opened up a new chapter in the education sector and above all introduced new ways of scholarship that is not bounded by the walls of the class and the distance between the teacher and the learner. The increased access to the ICTs, especially the web has transformed the way people, work, learn, play and communicate thereby revolutionizing the education sector as the knowledge becomes more and more critical to our lives. The overall acceptance of the internet, and the ever advancing education applications, has also created new ways of knowledge transfer and scholarship through the web. Universities have taken the advantage of the internet, and developed courses that rely only on the access to the internet. These courses have improved the access and also reduced the cost of scholarship Author Keywords: Knowledge; education; internet; scholarship; web; Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) Introduction The rapid advancement of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has dramatically affected the economic and social activities as well as in the acquisition of the, creation, dissemination and the use of knowledge. This advancement affects the way in which the manufacturers, service providers, and governments are organized, controlled and how they in turn perform their functions. Knowledge has become an increasingly important aspect in our competitiveness in the world arena. The use of the ICTs has reduced the transaction costs, time, and space barriers thereby allowing the mass production of customized goods and services and thereby overcoming the limiting factors of production and use. With investments in the ICTs, growth in the internet use has also risen. In addition, the rapid advancements in the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and the web use over the course of the last decade has affected a significant number of issues of our contemporary lives including the education. These new information technologies have the potential to change post-secondary education through the use of virtual universities and learning institutions (universities and institutions that offer courses exclusively through the web), distance education and new instructional practices offered through the traditional setting (this may include the normal teaching by the virtual teacher through the web in a classroom set-up). Nowadays, the educational material or knowledge can be found anywhere, anytime and by everybody who has access to the web. Its common knowledge that the web is packed with information of uncertain quality and importance and therefore, every web user should be able to pick out viable and useful information efficiently from this poo l of unsorted information. Its also essential for any web user to know how and where to obtain useful and qualitative information regarding their interests. This fact has found its way into universities and educational institutions that make the use these developments to their advantage by involving themselves in on-demand web based education and training. The course delivery is done through course delivery platforms such as Ariadne web based learning environment and electronics books which in turn make use of authoring tools such as InterBook. The Internet facilitates two way communications. The students can receive their course resources, content, and exams online as well as being updated on any small change in the versions of the curriculum. The accessibility to the web allows for the assessment of the quality of the exams and the curriculum offered. The learners can also be given potential access to learning from a variety of providers on the comfort of his or her home. The web use has significantly expanded the field of education provision and scholarship to the point where leading universities now host comprehensive online and distace education programs offering their courses at international marketplace. This borderless education or simply edgeless university ensures that same quality education can be accessed by the mass audience regardless of location, time, or space. Web usage has also led to new opportunities for informal exchange of expertise, knowledge and folk wisdom between individuals and independent institutions. Through social media applications like Wikipedia, for example, knowledge has changed from being a realm of the few to being accessible and created by all. Therefore, leaning has now shifted from taking place at the same place and at the same time to taking place anywhere and at any time. It also offers the learners the possibility of speeding or slowing down their courses depending on the content and therefore, being more learn er-centered than teacher-centered. World Bank has estimated that by the year 2020, around ninety (90) million students will be taking degrees or shorter qualifications via distance learning. It also estimates that the market of education could be worth more than one hundred billion dollars ($100b). According to John Chambers, the chief executive officer of cisco network and systems, termed the rise of the internet based learning application to be the next big thing. The major drivers of e learning are the substantial benefits that accompany it. These include: Lower costs ; Enhanced business responsiveness; Messages that are consistent or customized depending on the needs; Timely or dependable content; Prolonged study periods; No ramp up time; Universality; The build-up of the community; Scaleability; The leverage of corporate investment on the web; The provision of an increasingly valuable customer service. The use of ICTs in education can stimulate creativity, thereby providing a medium of thinking differently. The hyperlinks and related information sources can be navigated with a lot of ease and at any point thereby allowing non-linear learning that is learner centered and customized learning that has not been known before. The use of the web has also led to the development of E-psychology in which the internet technologies is incorporated with the ICTs. In E-psychology, the web constitutes the transmission medium in psychological intervention, assessment, orientation, and specialized counseling as a means of interaction between a patient and the therapist. In addition to e-psychology, the web has also found another use as a source of knowledge in the issues pertaining to health. According to a recent study, web users were found to trust entirely the results of the prominent and well known websites when they were gathering the information of their health issues without consulting their physical therapists or internet experts.These virtual environments use tools like e-mails, chat rooms, discussion forums audio and video conferencing for their interaction between the therapists and patients or in the integration of other tools for educational purposes in the e-learning environments. The numerous advantages of e-learning or education as a learner- centered over the teacher-centered learning includes the students ability to learn by discovery as opposed to instruction, learning how to learn as opposed to absorbing of the materials presented and also the teacher as a facilitator as opposed to the teacher as a transmitter. In addition, e-learning is a lifelong learning as there are no barriers to it. The students enjoy thhe courses at their own convenient time opposed to the institution based learning where the students must be available at designated time and places. The concept of digital scholarships has been on the upswing with the technologies that are core to it. These technologies that include the internet, the world wide web, computing grids and digital libraries all exist in the social and political contexts and have significantly evolved over time. The research universities are central to the internet and to the issuance of scholarship in the research discovery, integration, application and knowledge transfers all of which require the web for research and development of the research. In discovery, those awarded the scholarships must advance specific, specialized knowledge. Discovery not only contributes to the overall knowledge but also on the intellectual atmosphere of an institution or a department. In the integration, the individuals awarded the scholarship look for the new relationship between the parts and the whole and thus, bring about new insights to sustain the original research. Its the scholarships of integrations that make vi tal connections between disciplines by altering the contexts in which people view knowledge, and offsetting the inclination of to split knowledge into ever more esoteric bits and pieces. In application scholarships, the new way of knowledge utilization are addressed. In addition, the interaction between theory and the practice is addressed. The scholarship of the application consists in using the knowledge for the benefit of the individuals, institutions, and society. The main aim in this scholarship is the dissemination of useful, testable, and reproducible information to others. And lastly in the knowledge transfers scholarships the new ways of transmitting and extending the knowledge are addressed. The standards of assessment of scholarly work are the clear goals, adequate preparations, usage of the appropriate methods, significant results, effective presentation and reflective critique. These are meant to help the scholar to state the basic purpose of his work, to define the objectives that are realistic and achievable thereby identifying the important questions to use in the field. Also to show an understanding of the existing scholarship in the field, bring skills and resources to the body of the work, utilize a methodology that is appropriate to goals effectively and thereby modify the procedures depending on the changing circumstances among others in the preparation and the conduct of the research. During the presentation of the results, these guidelines help the scholar to achieve his or her set goals, utilize a suitable style and organization to present the findings clearly and with integrity and lastly to critically evaluate his or her work thereby bringing in the breat h of evidence. Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge all who helped me in any way in the writing of this doctoral thesis. It would not have been possible to write this doctoral thesis without the help, support and encouragement of the kind and supportive people around me. And for any errors or the inadequacies that may arise in the course of my work, the responsibility lies entirely on me. Conclusion The Internet and the web have now become an integral component of academic life. From all aspects of education, learning and scholarship, people rely on the internet connections for access to information resources, for the interpersonal communication, in search for support of research and learning, access to administrative resources, entertainment, and simple day-to- day tasks . In order to ensure the competitiveness of the web services, the countries involved need to ensure fair pricing and appropriate legal infrastructure to deal with online transactions. Its therefore crucial to incorporate the government, the telecommunication and service providers, business, and individual users when formulating these strategies. Buy custom Knowledge, Education, and Scholarship on and through the Web essay

Information Assurance and security (secure Online payments) Term Paper

Information Assurance and security (secure Online payments) - Term Paper Example First and foremost, my utmost gratitude to Dr. Zhixiong Chen, Professor and Director, Cyber Security at Mercy College whose sincerity and encouragement I will never forget. Dr. Chen has been my inspiration as I hurdle all the obstacles in the completion this research work; Esmeralda Guzman, Head Director of Social Workers, Head Start, for the moral support despite his just being newly appointed; Tim Coyle., Director of Software Projects at Insurance Service Office, Inc., for his patience and steadfast encouragement to complete this study; I would also like to thank my parents, two elder sisters, and elder brother. They were always supporting me and encouraging me with their best wishes; Last but not the least, my family and the one above all of us, the omnipresent God, for answering my prayers for giving me the strength to plod on despite my constitution wanting to give up and thrown in the towel, thank you so much. Abstract Online payments have been gaining greater impetus in the re cent years. Along with this fact, it has also been observed that e-commerce is also rapidly gaining huge popularity. Although the traditional modes of payments such as cash and checks are still in use, however the modern methods of payments such as online payment system has become more well-liked because of the benefits that it offers to the people. Despite numerous benefits offered by the online payment systems, it has been identified that there are certain lacuna and risks associated with the online payment systems. One such risk is related to the security and privacy of the user’s information. There are many rules and regulations that have been practiced by the regulatory bodies in various countries in order to combat such risks. It is also significant to improve the online payment system by protecting the information provided by the users in a proper manner. Introduction The demand for quick, suitable and safe payment substitutes is increasing rapidly. Along with this, th ere is an alteration in the way commerce takes place in the recent times. One of the easiest ways to identify the significance of electronic payments is to imagine a world without them. In other words, if electronic payments come to a sudden pause then in such circumstances most of the facets of commerce such as trade, travel and internet might confront terrible consequences. Although cash and checks still play a vital role in making payments, there are many problems associated with these payment options such as lack of speed and convenience. These also face issues related to safety demanded by the consumers, governments as well as businesses in today’s fast-paced and ever-dwindling world. It can be mentioned that the extensive utilization of the electronic payments along with the sophisticated network that interconnects many consumers, financial institution and merchants in the world are at the center of commerce (OECD, 2012). The significance of the electronic payments is a pparent not only in industrialized countries but in developing countries as well. There are certain costs associated with the electronic payment systems as well (OECD, 2012). One of such costs is related with interchange where a comparatively small fee is offered to the card issuers by card acquirers. It is worthy of stating that interchange comprises part of most of the expenses that issues are supposed to bear for the purpose of creating the advantage that merchants